贫困问题是人类社会所面临的共同挑战之一。近年来,我国城镇居民贫困问题日益突出,逐渐成为我国经济发展中的一个顽疾。为深入探讨我国城镇居民贫困问题,本文从影响贫困的两个主要因素(经济增长和收入分配方式)出发,运用面板数据模型,实证研究它们对我国城镇贫困的影响。研究结果也如人们预期的一样:即经济增长能显著减少贫困,而收入分配方式的扩大却抑制了经济增长带来的减贫效果。最后又本文提出了相应的政策建议。 Poverty is one of the common challenges facing humankind. In recent years, the problem of poverty of urban residents in our country has become increasingly prominent and has gradually become a stubborn illness in the economic development of our country. In order to probe deeply into the problem of urban residents’ poverty in our country, this paper starts from the two main factors affecting poverty (economic growth and income distribution) and uses panel data model to empirically study their impact on urban poverty in China. The results also are as expected: economic growth can significantly reduce poverty, and the expansion of income distribution has inhibited the poverty reduction effect of economic growth. Finally, this paper put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.