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目的：检测肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）在慢性血吸虫病患者结肠组织中的表达变化，探讨血吸虫病对靶器官的损害，为评价血吸虫病的危害及血吸虫病的防治提供一定的实验室依据．方法运用免疫组织化学染色法检测50例慢性血吸虫病患者病变结肠组织及9例正常结肠组织标本中肿瘤坏死因子-ɑ的表达情况．结果与正常对照者相比，慢性血吸虫病患者结肠腺中TNF-α阳性颗粒平均光密度值明显升高（＝0.017），结肠间质中TNF-α阳性颗粒平均光密度值略有升高（＝0.059），但其表达与性别无关．结论慢性血吸虫感染可诱导患者结肠组织中TNF-α的浓度增高，这可能在血吸虫病引起的结肠病理生理变化中起到重要作用.“,”Objective Detect the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression changes in colon tissue of patients with chronic schistosomiasis, explore schistosomiasis target organ damage, and provide a laboratory basis for the evaluation of hazards and schistosomiasis prevention and control. Methods The tumor necrosis factor-ɑexpression of colon tissue of 50 patients with chronic schistosomiasis and 9 cases of normal colon tissue were detected using immunohistochemistry staining. Results Compared with normal control, the colon gland in TNF-α- positive particles mean optical density value of chronic schistosomiasis patients was significantly higher (P =0.017), colon interstitium of TNF - α- positive particles mean optical density value was slightly higher (P =0.059), but its expression has nothing to do with sex. Conclusion Chronic schistosomiasis infection can induce increased concentration of TNF-αin patients with colon tissue of the colon, which may play an important role in causing schistosomiasis pathophysiological changes.