1987年4月1日,日本国有铁路(以下简称“国铁”)历经115年终于被关闭,在区域分割模式下,迎来了民营化改革。“国铁”自诞生之日起,在其他交通工具尚不发达、铁路运输处于陆上运输垄断地位的情况下,其经营状况良好,“国铁”作为政府的摇钱树在发挥作用。但自1949年6月1日公 On April 1, 1987, the Japanese state-owned railway (“国 铁”) was finally closed down after 115 years. Under the regional separation model, the privatization reform ushered in. “State Railway ” Since its birth, other transport facilities are still underdeveloped and rail transport is monopolized by land transport. Its operation is in good condition and the “National Rail” plays a role as a cash cow of the government . But since June 1, 1949 male