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目的探讨海上长远航特殊作业环境对船员口腔颊黏膜共生细菌及口腔免疫功能的影响。方法采集长远航作业人员作业前后口腔颊黏膜细菌样本和抗凝全血样本,扩增16S rRNA基因片段V4区并应用二代高通量测序方法分析口腔颊黏膜细菌群落组成;应用实验室常规方法检测作业人员血常规参数的变化。结果硬壁菌门和变形菌门为口腔颊黏膜含量最高的细菌,在细菌属水平上链球菌属含量最高。与长远航前相比,长远航作业后期口腔颊黏膜细菌中硬壁菌门含量升高,变形菌门和放线菌门含量下降。主坐标分析结果提示长远航前后2个不同时期颊黏膜细菌趋向于分为2个类群,且长航后细菌种类更加集中。长远航后期作业人员全血检测发现粒细胞百分比下降,淋巴细胞百分比上升,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论海上长远航特殊环境导致作业人员口腔颊黏膜共生菌群改变,可能对长远航作业中健康管理具有一定提示作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of long-haul special working environment on buccal mucosal symbiotic bacteria and oral immune function of seafarers. Methods Buccal mucosa bacterial samples and anticoagulant whole blood samples were collected before and after long-haul operation. The V4 region of 16S rRNA gene fragment was amplified and the second generation high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the oral buccal mucosal bacterial community composition. The routine laboratory methods Detection of blood parameters of the operator changes. Results Staphylococcus aureus and proteobacteria were the most buccal bacteria in the buccal mucosa, and the genus Streptococcus was the highest at the bacterial genus. Compared with that before long voyage, the content of Firosteal bacteria in buccal mucosa of buccal mucosa increased during the long voyage, and the contents of Proteobacteria and actinomycotina decreased. The results of principal coordinate analysis showed that buccal mucosal bacteria tended to be divided into two groups before and after long voyage, and bacterial species were more concentrated after long voyage. During the long voyage, the whole blood test showed that the percentage of granulocytes decreased and the percentage of lymphocytes increased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS The long-haul special environment at sea leads to changes in the buccal mucosa of buccal mucosa in workers, which may be a hint for health management in long-haul operation.