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以野生大豆(Glycine soja)和栽培大豆(Glycine max,吉农18号)为研究对象,通过盆栽试验,以浇灌盐碱液(A)及覆盖盐碱土(B)2种方式分别设置4个不同盐碱浓度的处理,利用变性凝胶电泳技术(DGGE)分析大豆根际细菌的多样性。结果表明:盐碱胁迫下野生大豆和栽培大豆根际中16Sr DNA V3区片段达31条,DGGE指纹图谱中可见,野生大豆和栽培大豆在2种盐碱胁迫处理方式下各有不同的特征条带。适当的盐碱浓度处理能增加野生大豆和栽培大豆根际细菌的丰富度,且覆盖盐碱土处理的野生大豆表现较强的抗逆性。通过对DGGE部分条带的克隆测序与NCBI基因库比对得出部分相对耐盐碱的菌株,如野生大豆中的Altererythrobacter sp.(交替赤杆菌属)、Rhizobium sp.(根瘤菌属)、Psychrobacillus psychrodurans(嗜冷芽孢杆菌属)等和栽培大豆中的Sphingobium sp.(鞘氨醇菌属)、Olivibacter soli(橄榄形菌属)、Uncultured Sphingomonadaceae bacterium(不可培鞘脂单胞菌)、Sphingomonas sp.(鞘氨醇单孢菌属)等。
In this study, we planted four different varieties of Glycine soja (Glycine max) and Glycine max (Ginong 18) by pot experiment and two methods of watering saline-alkali solution (A) and saline-alkali soil (B) Saline-alkali treatment, the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria was analyzed by denaturing gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The results showed that there were 31 fragments of 16Sr DNA V3 in rhizosphere of wild soybean and cultivated soybean under saline-alkali stress. DGGE fingerprinting showed that there were different characteristics of wild soybean and cultivated soybean under two kinds of saline-alkali stress treatment band. Appropriate salt concentration could increase the abundance of rhizosphere bacteria in wild soybean and cultivated soybean, and the wild soybean covered with saline-alkali soil showed stronger stress resistance. Some of the relative salt-tolerant strains were obtained by cloning and sequencing of some bands of DGGE and comparing with NCBI gene library, such as Altererythrobacter sp. (Alternaria spp.), Rhizobium sp. (Rhizobium), Psychrobacillus psychrophila and the like, and Sphingobium sp. (Sphingomonas), Olivibacter soli (genus Olivirus), Uncultured Sphingomonadaceae bacterium (Sphingomonas sp.), Sphingomonas sp. (Sphingomonas) and the like.