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本研究以放兔分析法观察不同强度运动前后19名女子游泳运动员血清促卵泡激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E_2)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)及胰岛素(Ins)的变化。受试者在卵泡及黄体两期分别进行短时间高强度间歇运动——6×50m全速力竭性游泳和长时间持续运动——1000m全速力竭性游泳。在运动前5分钟及运动后即刻分别采集静脉血测定各种激素含量。主要结果如下:受试者从事6×50m最大速度间歇游泳后,卵泡期各种激素浓度的变化均显著高于运动前安静状态,黄体期变化不一,FSH、LH降低,E_2、P、T及Ins升高。从事1000m全速游泳后,激素变化表现为卵泡期FSH、LH、E_2、P均升高,T及Ins降低;黄体期E_2、P、T升高,Ins降低,FSH、LH无显著变化,两期相比黄体期运动成绩优于卵泡期。上述结果提示:①受试者月经周期的黄体期机体有氧能力强于卵泡期,运动能力的增强与黄体期E_2、P、T水平升高有关。②FSH、LH与E_2、P分泌变化并非同步一致,说明运动中E_2升高并非受制于促性腺激素,而主要是卵巢分泌量升高所致。③运动中E_2、P、T具有协同效应,可抵抗疲劳,提高人体运动能力。
In this study, the serum levels of FSH, LH, E2, progesterone (P) and testosterone (T) in 19 female swimmers before and after exercise with different intensities Changes in Ins. Subjects in the follicular and corpus luteum were short-term high-intensity intermittent exercise - 6 × 50m full-speed exhaustive swimming and long-term continuous exercise - 1000m full-speed exhaustive swimming. 5 minutes before exercise and immediately after exercise venous blood were collected for determination of various hormone levels. The main results are as follows: Subjects engaged in 6 × 50m maximum speed intermittent swimming, the follicular phase of various hormone concentrations were significantly higher than pre-exercise quiescence, varying luteal phase, FSH, LH decreased, E_2, P, T And Ins increased. After 1000m full speed swimming, the changes of hormones showed follicular phase FSH, LH, E_2, P increased, T and Ins reduced; luteal phase E_2, P, T increased, Ins decreased, FSH, LH no significant change, Compared with luteal phase athletic performance is better than follicular phase. The above results suggest that: ① Subjects luteal phase of the menstrual cycle body aerobic capacity is stronger than the follicular phase, increased exercise capacity and luteal phase E 2, P, T levels were related. ②FSH, LH and E_2, P secretion changes are not synchronized, indicating that exercise E_2 is not subject to gonadotropin, but mainly due to increased ovarian secretion. ③ exercise E_2, P, T has a synergistic effect that can resist fatigue and improve the body’s ability to exercise.