美国自动视觉协会(AVA)将机器视觉系统定义为:“通过光学非接触传感器获取物体的一幅或多幅像,处理、分析和测量所取得的图像的各种特征,解释其结果,并做出一些有用的判定,用测量来控制目标或一个过程的一种系统”.在这个定义中所提到的成像通常假定是强度成像,在这里由计算机处理的图像是X和Y位置座标的函数的强度分布图.但是,机器视觉的一个全新的领域正在出现,即所谓的三维 The AVA defines a machine vision system as: “The acquisition of one or more images of an object through an optical non-contact sensor, processing, analyzing and measuring various features of the acquired image, interpreting the results, and A system that makes some useful judgments to control a target or a process with measurements. ”Imaging referred to in this definition is usually assumed to be intensity imaging, where the computer-processed images are X and Y positions The intensity distribution of the underlying function However, a completely new area of ​​machine vision is emerging, the so-called three-dimensional