Currently, scant attention has been paid to the theoretical analysis on dynamic response mechanism of the “Dualistic” structure rock slope.The analysis presented here provides insight into the dynamic response of the “Dualistic” structure rock slope. By investigating the principle of energy distribution, it is shown that the effect of a joint plays a significant role in slope stability analysis. A dynamic reflection and transmission model(RTM) for the“Dualistic” structure rock slope and explicit dynamic equations are established to analyze the dynamic response of a slope, based on the theory of elastic mechanics and the principle of seismic wave propagation. The theoretical simulation solutions show that the dynamic response of the “Dualistic”structure rock slope(soft-hard) model is greater than that of the “Dualistic” structure rock slope(hard-soft)model, especially in the slope crest. The magnifying effect of rigid foundation on the dynamic response is more obvious than that of soft foundation. With the amplitude increasing, the cracks could be found in the right slope(soft-hard) crest. The crest failure is firstly observed in the right slope(soft-hard) during the experimental process. The reliability of theoretical model is also investigated by experiment analysis. The conclusions derived in this paper could also be used in future evaluations of Multi-layer rock slopes. Currently, scant attention has been paid to the theoretical analysis on dynamic response mechanism of the “Dualistic” structure of rock slope. The analysis presented here insight into the dynamic response of the “Dualistic” structure rock slope. By investigating the principle of energy distribution, it is shown that the effect of a joint plays a significant role in slope stability analysis. A dynamic reflection and transmission model (RTM) for the “Dualistic” structure rock slope and explicit dynamic equations are established to analyze The dynamic response of a slope, based on the theory of elastic mechanics and the principle of seismic wave propagation. The theoretical simulation solutions show that the dynamic response of the “Dualistic” structure rock slope (soft-hard) model is greater than that of the “Dualistic” structure rock slope (hard-soft) model, especially in the slope crest. The magnifying effect of rigid foundation on the dynamic response is more obvious than tha The crest failure is immediately observed in the right slope (soft-hard) during the experimental process. The reliability of theoretical The results derived in this paper could also be used in future evaluations of Multi-layer rock slopes.