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部分体育术语逐步脱离原有的使用领域,泛化到其他领域发挥作用,改变了术语的单义性和专业性。体育术语泛化的途径主要有四种:隐喻、转喻、引申和义素脱落,其中隐喻和转喻是体育术语泛化的主要方式。体育术语泛化的原因涉及多个方面,如行业之间的词语彼此渗透、人们心理求新意识的增强。同时,媒介的发展加速了词语的传播,这种传播使词语内部的相互运动更加活跃,不仅有专业词语向普通领域转化,也就是本文所讨论的泛化,还有普通词汇向专业词汇转化,人们利用普通领域中的成语、习惯用语等来代替专业术语,使语言表达具有新颖的效果。
Some sports terms gradually deviate from the original field of use, generalization to other areas to play a role, changing the terminology of the single and professional. There are mainly four ways of generalization of sports terms: metaphor, metonymy, extension and semblance loss, among which metaphor and metonymy are the main ways of generalization of sports terms. The reasons for the generalization of sports terms involve many aspects, such as the infiltration of words among industries and the enhancement of people’s psychological renewal. At the same time, the development of media accelerates the spread of words. This kind of communication makes the internal movement of words more active. It not only transforms the professional words to ordinary fields, that is, the generalization discussed in this article, People use idioms, idioms, etc. in common fields instead of professional terminology, so that language expression has a novel effect.