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为了研发绿植中携带扶桑绵粉蚧的溴甲烷替代处理技术,本文测定了甲酸乙酯对扶桑绵粉蚧的毒力及对玉麒麟、蝴蝶兰、绿萝、龙骨和富贵竹5种常见绿植的影响。耐受性实验表明,扶桑绵粉蚧的卵对甲酸乙酯熏蒸最为耐受。室内毒力实验表明,甲酸乙酯的毒力与熏蒸温度和时间正相关,熏蒸温度从5℃升至30℃,达到99.9968%死亡率所需的甲酸乙酯熏蒸剂量由50.68 g/m~3降至34.15 g/m~3;熏蒸时间从2 h增加到6 h,25℃下达到99.9968%死亡率所需的甲酸乙酯熏蒸剂量由38.86 g/m~3降至18.22 g/m~3。进一步的品质测定结果表明,除绿萝外,玉麒麟、蝴蝶兰、龙骨和富贵竹均对甲酸乙酯熏蒸有较好的耐受。这些结果表明,甲酸乙酯可有效杀灭商业绿植携带的扶桑绵粉蚧,在国内调运检疫和出口检疫中有较好的应用前景。
In order to develop methyl bromide alternative treatment technology for carrying mealybugs in green plants, this paper determined the toxicity of ethyl formate to mealybugs and the five common green plantations of jade, moth orchid, influences. Tolerance experiments showed that eggs of Fusarium mealybugs were most tolerant of ethyl formate fumigation. Laboratory toxicity test showed that the toxicity of ethyl formate was positively correlated with the fumigation temperature and time. The fumigation temperature increased from 5 ℃ to 30 ℃. The fumigation dose of ethyl formate needed to reach 99.9968% mortality increased from 50.68 g / m 3 To 34.15 g / m ~ 3, fumigation time increased from 2 h to 6 h, the fumigation dosage of ethyl formate needed to reach 99.9968% mortality at 25 ℃ decreased from 38.86 g / m 3 to 18.22 g / m 3 . Further quality test results showed that, in addition to green radish, jade Kirin, Phalaenopsis, keel and bamboo are good for fumigation ethyl for better tolerance. These results indicate that ethyl formate can effectively kill the mealybugs carrying Flos mongolica in commercial green plants and has good application prospects in domestic quarantine and export quarantine.