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Temperature gradient curves are given for 0.5—2 kb and 300—600℃ based on internaltemperature measurements,and an empirical formulat_x=T+(a_0+a_1T+a_2T~2+a_3T~3+a_4T~4+a_5TP+a_6P)xis established to calculate the temperature at any point,x,within the vessel.Uncertainty of90 percent estimates by using this formula is less than 5 degrees.In most instances,realpressure within the vessel is only 60—80 percent of the designed pressure as based on P-V-Trelations due to the existence of temperature gradient.This large pressure departure can bereduced to less than 30 bars by using =11.6+0.8973T+(0.01-3.06·10~(-5)T-5.664·10~(-8)T~2+8.8667·10~(-11)T~3)(P-1250)on the assumption of uniform temperature within the vessel.All the temperature-dependent properties such as water fugacity,ionization constant,and the solubility of gases in fluid phase will vary with this temperature gradient.On theother hand,because the pressure within the vessel keeps uniform,there must be an oppositegradient with respect to water density.Therefore,changes will likewise be expected in all theproperties which are functions of water density,such as dielectric constant and activity coef-ficient.These changes may be important for the interpretation and understanding of someexperimental results.
Temperature gradient curves are given for 0.5-2 kb and 300-600 ° C based on internal temperature measurements, and an empirical formula t_x = T + (a_0 + a_1T + a_2T ~ 2 + a_3T ~ 3 + a_4T ~ 4 + a_5TP + a_6P) xis established to calculate the temperature at any point, x, within the vessel. Uncertainty of90 percent estimates by using this formula is less than 5 degrees.In most instances, realpressure within the vessel is only 60-80 percent of the designed pressure as based on PV- Trelations due to the existence of temperature gradient. This large pressure departure can be reduced to less than 30 bars by using = 11.6 + 0.8973T + (0.01-3.06 · 10 -5 T-5.664 · 10 -8 T ~ 2 + 8.8667 · 10 ~ (-11) T ~ 3) (P-1250) on the assumption of uniform temperature within the vessel. All temperature-dependent properties such as water fugacity, ionization constant, and the solubility of gases in fluid phase will vary with this temperature gradient. On theother hand, because the pressure within the vessel keeps uniform, there must be an oppositegradient wi th respect to water density. wherefore, changes will likewise be expected in all theproperties which are functions of water density, such as dielectric constant and activity coef-ficient.These changes may be important for the interpretation and understanding of someexperimental results.