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灌溉工程的建设是由于农业生产发展需要而提出的。因此,灌溉工程体系的布局,应与农业生产发展的要求相适应。换句话说,就是其各项基本设计条件,应直接以农业生产的要求为依据;另一方面,灌溉工程建成后,又为农业生产创造了良好的水利条件,必将促进农业生产的发展。因此,在进行一项灌溉工程设计时,首先需要认识、研究这种关系,尤其是地区农业发展对用水的要求。而用水要求,又必须通过农作物组成和单位面积产量(简称单产)规划才能具体估算。一般来说,灌溉工程设计要求农业经济规划工作提供以下设计数据: (1)调查研究灌区内水旱灾害,特别是旱灾发生的频率及其对农业生产的影响等,以阐明该地区水利化的重要意义和论证工程建设的必要性; (2)制定灌区农作物组成规划和单产规划,以作为设计灌溉制度的依据。并在此基础上进行水土平衡和效益计算、比较等,确定灌溉范围和面
Irrigation project construction is due to the needs of the development of agricultural production put forward. Therefore, the layout of irrigation systems should be adapted to the requirements of agricultural production. In other words, the basic design conditions should be directly based on the requirements of agricultural production. On the other hand, after the completion of irrigation projects, favorable water conditions have been created for agricultural production, which will surely promote the development of agricultural production. Therefore, in the design of an irrigation project, we must first understand and study this relationship, especially the requirements for water use in agricultural development in the region. The water requirements, but also must be crop production and unit area yield (referred to as yield) planning can be a specific estimate. In general, irrigation engineering design requires the following design data for agricultural economic planning: (1) To investigate and study flood and drought disasters in irrigation areas, especially the frequency of drought and its impact on agricultural production so as to clarify the water-conserving Significance and feasibility of demonstrating the construction of the project; (2) To formulate crop production planning and yield planning in the irrigation area as the basis for designing irrigation system. And on this basis, soil and water balance and benefit calculation, comparison, etc., to determine the scope of irrigation and surface