我国远洋运输企业是特大型国营骨干企业,与一般工业企业相比有其自身的特点:一是运输产品的特殊性。远洋运输企业的产品是无形的,其最终产品是按照发货人的运输需要,通过运输而实现货物在空间上的位移。因此,货源是远洋运输企业的生命;二是运输费用的廉价性。远洋运输是国际经济交往的桥梁,是国际贸易运输的主要方式.它具有运量大、运价低、运距长的特点;三是远洋运输的涉外性。国际海运的生产活动是在世界各国、至少是两个国家之间进行的,而且经常涉及 China’s ocean-going transport enterprises are large state-owned backbone enterprises, which have their own characteristics compared with general industrial enterprises: First, the particularity of transport products. The products of ocean shipping companies are intangible, and their final products are transported to achieve space displacement of the goods according to the transporter’s needs. Therefore, the source of goods is the life of ocean-going transportation companies; the second is the low cost of transportation costs. Ocean shipping is the bridge of international economic exchanges and the main mode of international trade transportation. It has the characteristics of large transport capacity, low freight rates, and long distances; and third, the foreign-related aspects of ocean shipping. International maritime production activities are conducted between countries in the world, at least two countries, and often involve