社会记忆并非完全仰赖纪念仪式和身体实践。基于麻山苗族有关英雄亚鲁的仪式操演及口头叙事的人类学考察,社会记忆亦可通过丧葬等社会日常生活仪式的操演来表达,并且在表达的过程中,来自国家、学者、社会团体等外界他者的建构,使原本属于族群的记忆超越民族的界限而成为全社会的公共记忆。社会记忆的表达和建构与生态、历史进程、社会文化、人群互动等要素紧密关联,只有将其置于特定的社会生活与实践,才能把握它的运行机制与逻辑。 Social memories do not rest solely on memorial ceremonies and physical practices. Based on the anthropological investigation of the ceremonial exercises and verbal narrations of the Mashan Miao on the hero Yalu, social memory can also be expressed through exercises such as the funeral and other social daily rituals. In the process of expression, people from countries, scholars, social organizations and the like The construction of the Other makes the memory originally belonging to the ethnic group transcend the boundaries of the nation and becomes the public memory of the whole society. The expression and construction of social memory are closely linked with such elements as ecology, historical process, social culture and interaction of people. Only by placing it in a specific social life and practice can we grasp its operating mechanism and logic.