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根据转向节的形状特点,分析并概述了其成形过程的金属流动特性和现有成形工艺存在的不足。将现有的自由锻制坯改进为挤压制坯。提出了一种新的成形方案为:下料—加热—摔杆—挤压制坯—预锻—终锻。应用三维有限元模拟软件Deform对转向节成形过程进行了数值模拟。针对杆部的折叠缺陷,分析其产生原因,提出增强法兰盘结构强度的解决方案,对挤压下模进行了改进。结果表明,所得终锻件各部位充填饱满、飞边均匀且无折叠缺陷。
According to the shape characteristics of the knuckle, the metal flow characteristics of the forming process and the existing shortcomings of the forming process are analyzed and summarized. The existing free-forged billets are improved to extruded billets. A new forming scheme is proposed as follows: blanking - heating - wrestling rod - extrusion preform - pre-forging - final forging. The three-dimensional finite element simulation software Deform was used to numerically simulate the knuckle forming process. In view of the folding defects of the rod part, the reasons for the collapse are analyzed, the solution to enhance the structural strength of the flange is proposed, and the extrusion die is improved. The results show that the resulting end forgings fill all parts of the flash uniform and no folding defects.