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迁移,是指原有认知结构与新知识之间即先行学习与后续学习的一种相互影响和作用。现代迁移学将先行学习对后续学习的影响称为顺向迁移,后续学习对先行的影响称作逆向迁移。凡对认知产生积极促进效应的都称为正迁移,凡对认知产生干扰和阻碍作用的都称为负迁移。科学运用正迁移和有效避免负迁移,直接影响着教育质量的提高。
Migration, refers to the original cognitive structure and new knowledge that is the first learning and follow-up study of an interaction and role. The influence of advanced learning on follow-up learning is called forward migration. The effect of follow-up learning on antecedence is called reverse migration. All those who have a positive effect on the cognitive effect are known as the positive transfer, where cognitive disruption and obstruction are called negative transfer. The positive use of science and the effective avoidance of negative migration have a direct impact on the improvement of education quality.