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目的明确该大型国有化工企业存在或产生的职业病危害因素种类,分析危害程度、产生原因及工人体检结果,以便更好地保护劳动者身体健康。方法采用职业卫生现场调查法、职业卫生检测法对企业的职业危害进行分析;采用职业健康检查法对工人的健康情况进行分析。结果该企业在生产过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素主要有苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、乙苯、抽余油、溶剂汽油、硫化氢、氨、氢氧化钠、硫酸、盐酸、甲醇、乙二醇、正己烷、氮氧化物、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、粉尘及噪声等。检测结果显示:大多数化学物质90%以上检测点浓度低于国家规定的职业接触限值,但硫化氢合格率为86.2%,噪声岗位的超标率为4.9%;体检结果显示工人的体检项目异常率较高;岗位不同体检项目的阳性率有所不同。结论该企业职业病危害因素种类较多,但大多低于国家规定的接触限值,如防护设施能有效运行,同时做好个人防护和加强组织管理,其生产过程中产生的毒物危害可以得到控制,工人体检指标异常较多,应加强职工的健康教育和行为干预。
Objective To clarify the types of occupational hazards that existed or occurred in this large state-owned chemical enterprise, analyze the degree of harm, the causes and the results of workers’ medical examination so as to better protect the health of laborers. Methods Occupational health field survey and Occupational Health Test were used to analyze the occupational hazards of the enterprises. Occupational health examination was used to analyze the workers’ health. Results The main risk factors of occupational diseases in the production process of the enterprise are benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, raffinate, solvent gasoline, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, methanol, Ethylene glycol, n-hexane, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, dust and noise. Test results showed that: 90% of most chemical substances tested point concentration lower than the national occupational exposure limits, but the pass rate of hydrogen sulfide was 86.2%, 4.9% of the noise post exceeded the standard; physical examination results showed that workers physical examination items abnormal The rate is higher; the positive rate of different medical examination items is different. Conclusion There are many kinds of occupational hazards in the enterprise, but most of them are below the national exposure limit. For example, the protective facilities can operate effectively while personal protection and organizational management are strengthened. The hazards of poison produced during the production process can be controlled. Workers more abnormal physical examination indicators, workers should strengthen health education and behavior intervention.