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沈阳地区水土流失主要为水力侵蚀和风力侵蚀。水土流失类型可分为东南部山区(水蚀区)、北部山丘区(风蚀、水蚀区)、西部平原区(风蚀区)、城市建成区及附近区域(人为水土流失区)。当前存在的问题主要是缺乏具有示范功能的小流域治理模式、社会水土保持观念还有待于进一步加强、水土保持相关法律、法规落实不到位。防治对策:依据新《水土保持法》加强组织领导,加大宣传教育力度;坚持走多部门共同参与之路;科学分析,分类指导,突出因地制宜治理方针。东南部山区加大生态修复力度;北部山丘区加快治理进度;西部平原区推广以速生杨、寒富苹果为主的治理模式,城市建成区及附近区域从源头抓好人为水土流失的防治与控制。
Soil erosion in Shenyang is mainly caused by hydraulic and wind erosion. Types of water and soil erosion can be divided into mountainous areas in the southeast (water erosion area), northern hill areas (wind erosion and water erosion), western plains (wind erosion), urban built-up areas and nearby areas (man-made soil erosion areas). At present, the main problems are the lack of a small watershed management model with demonstration functions. The concept of social conservation of water and soil needs to be further strengthened, and the implementation of relevant laws and regulations on soil and water conservation is not in place. Prevention and control measures: Strengthen the organization and leadership based on the new Law of Soil and Water Conservation, intensify propaganda and education; adhere to the road of multi-departmental participation; scientific analysis, classified guidance, highlighting the principle of local conditions. Southeastern mountain area to increase ecological restoration efforts; the northern hill area to speed up the progress of governance; the western plains area to popularize poplar, Hanfu apple-based governance model, the urban built-up areas and nearby areas do a good job of human and soil erosion prevention and control control.