本文通过梳理海德格尔从早期博士论文(1912年)到中期《形而上学导论》(1935年)时判断学说的形成过程,揭示了海德格尔通过判断学说对西方理性主义传统进行反思批判的微观机理。海德格尔早期以胡塞尔判断理论为根据批判了心理主义的判断学说,但后来又超越了胡塞尔,开创了存在论的判断学说。本文依据海德格尔具体文本阐释了海德格尔判断学说的含义、存在论基础及其真理观。 This dissertation reveals Heidegger’s micro-mechanism of reflective criticism of western rationalist tradition through his judgment theory by combing Heidegger’s judgment process from the early Ph. D. thesis (1912) to the mid-term “Introduction to Metaphysics” (1935) . Heidegger earlier criticized the theory of psychoanalysis based on Husserl’s theory of judgment, but later surpassed Husserl and pioneered the theory of ontology. Based on the texts of Heidegger, this paper illustrates the meaning, the ontological basis and the truth of Heidegger’s judgment theory.