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目的分析老城区流行性乙脑流行特征及影响因素,为进一步做好乙脑的防控工作提供经验和依据。方法收集疫情报告和现场调查资料,采用描述流行病学进行分析。结果 2006-2015年老城区共报告乙脑病例19例,死亡3例,年均发病率1.21/10万,病死率达15.79%,农村多于城市,7~9月高发,病例集中在小年龄组和大年龄组,大年龄组重症偏多,发病年龄与病例分型的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.283,P<0.05),无接种史的重症偏多,接种史与病例分型的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.898,P<0.05)。结论对于乙型脑炎这种致死性、致残性极高的传染病,应采用以免疫接种为主、多策并举的预防控制手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of epidemic encephalitis in the old urban area and provide experiences and evidences for further prevention and control of JE. Methods The epidemic situation reports and field survey data were collected and analyzed using descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 19 JE cases were reported in the old city from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 1.21 / 100 000 and a mortality rate of 15.79%. There were more cases in rural areas than in urban areas and high incidence in July-September. The cases were concentrated in younger age There was significant difference between the age group and the older age group and the older age group (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the age of onset and the case type (χ ~ 2 = 6.283, P <0.05) Type difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4.898, P <0.05). Conclusion For Japanese encephalitis, a deadly and highly disabling infectious disease, immunization should be used as the mainstay, and multiple preventive and control measures should be taken.