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最小适生面积(MASH)指在一定的时空范围内物种能稳定存在的最小生境面积,它是种群生存力分析(PVA)的重要方法之一.本文采用基于种群数量-面积关系原理的MASH模型模拟了银川平原设施农业景观下破碎化麦田麦蚜、初寄生蜂与重寄生蜂种群发生的MASH.研究表明:密度-面积、增长速度-面积关系模型间存在反比例函数关系,不同物种存在的函数关系明显不同,尤其在不同营养级别的物种间,其函数关系差异更为明显.根据密度-面积关系,利用多项式回归模型计算了麦二叉蚜、麦长管蚜、燕麦蚜茧蜂、烟蚜茧蜂与蚜虫宽缘金小蜂的MASH,其营养级间的MASH差异显著.不同物种的MASH与营养级高低、体型大小、生境质量等有关.初寄生蜂最高的寄生率出现在800～1000m2,可作为利用初寄生蜂自然控制麦蚜的依据,而不同营养级物种MASH差异可用于害虫的种群控制.
MASH refers to the minimum habitat area that species can stably exist in a certain space-time range and is one of the important methods for population viability analysis (PVA) .In this paper, the MASH model based on population quantity-area relationship The MASH occurred in the wheat field of the fragmented wheat aphid, primary parasitoid and the parasitoid wasps were simulated in the agricultural landscape of Yinchuan Plain. The results showed that the density-area, growth rate-area relationship model had an inverse proportion function and the function of different species The relationships among them are obviously different, especially among different trophic level species.The differences of function are more obvious among different trophic level species.According to the density-area relationship, using the polynomial regression model, The difference of MASH among MASH of Apis cerana cerana and Aphelenchoides marinae was significant.The MASH of different species was related to trophic level, body size, habitat quality, etc. The highest parasitism of parasitoid was appeared in 800 ~ 1000m2 , Which can be used as the basis for the natural control of wheat aphids by using the parasitoid, while the MASH differences of different trophic levels can be used for population control of pests.