一、市场经济与资源配置的一般理论市场经济是调节经济和配置资源的一种方式,是一种特定的经济体制。在这种体制下,资源配置和生产的决策是以价格为基础的。市场经济以市场机制为基本特征,只有市场机制得以健全,市场经济才能真正建立起来。对于市场机制,目前还没有一个标准的定义,但一般认为市场机制应包括以下几个方面内容:①经济主体完全有权决定自己的经济活动;②经济主体的决策是以市场价格对比为依据的;③价格是通过市场渠道产生的,能灵敏地反映供求关系。只有这三个条件得以满足,市场机制才能正常有效运行;也只有市场机制完备有效,市场 I. General Theory of Market Economy and Resource Allocation Market economy is a way of regulating economy and allocating resources. It is a kind of specific economic system. Under this system, the allocation of resources and production decisions are based on price. Market economy takes the market mechanism as its basic feature. Only when the market mechanism is complete, can the market economy be truly established. As for the market mechanism, there is not a standard definition at present, but it is generally believed that the market mechanism should include the following aspects: ① The economic entity has the full right to determine its own economic activity; ② The economic entity’s decision is based on the market price comparison ; ③ price is generated through the market channels, can sensitively reflect the supply and demand. Only when these three conditions are satisfied can the market mechanism operate normally and effectively. Only when the market mechanism is complete and effective, the market