应用变分法 ,研究了微扰对类明孤子在光纤中非线性传输特性的影响 ,导出了类明孤子脉冲参量演化的动力学方程。它统一了在单模光纤、色散缓变光纤或色散控制光纤中类明孤子脉冲参量演化的动力学方程。在此基础上 ,计算了色散缓变光纤中的线性高阶色散微扰。结果表明 :线性高阶色散对类明孤子脉冲的位置和相位有影响 ,而对振幅、宽度和啁啾没有影响 ;光纤色散缓变对类明孤子脉冲的所有参量均有影响 By using the variational method, the influence of perturbation on the nonlinear transmission characteristics of the bright solitons in optical fiber is studied, and the dynamic equation of the evolution of the soliton-like pulse parameters is deduced. It unifies the kinetics of the evolution of the quasi-soliton-like pulse parameters in single mode fiber, dispersion-slowing fiber, or dispersion-controlled fiber. On this basis, the linear high-order dispersion perturbation in the slowly-decreasing fiber is calculated. The results show that the linear high-order dispersion affects the position and phase of the bright soliton-like pulses without affecting the amplitude, the width and the chirp. The slow dispersion of the optical fiber affects all the parameters of the soliton-