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目的了解广东省碘缺乏病防治措施落实现状,分析《食用盐碘含量》标准实施后广东省居民碘营养的变化情况。方法在全省范围采用“人口比例概率抽样方法”进行抽样监测,调查8~10岁学生甲状腺容积、尿碘水平和家庭盐碘含量,以及孕妇尿碘水平和五年级学生智商水平。结果共调查1 500名8~10岁学生,甲状腺容积均值为3.3 m L,甲状腺肿大率为3.0%,尿碘中位数为171.2μg/L、家庭合格碘盐食用率为90.6%。共调查600名孕妇,尿碘中位数为131.6μg/L。共调查1 178名五年级学生,智商平均值为105.7。结论 2014年广东省儿童碘营养处于适宜水平,甲状腺肿大率控制在较低水平,但孕妇碘摄入量不足,应引起重视。
Objective To understand the status quo of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in Guangdong and to analyze the changes of iodine nutrition in Guangdong residents after the implementation of the standard of iodine content in edible salt. Methods Sampling monitoring was conducted in the whole province using “Probability Sampling Method of Population Probability” to investigate the thyroid volume, urinary iodine level, salt iodine content in family members, urine iodine level in pregnant women and the fifth grade students’ IQ level. Results A total of 1 500 students aged 8 to 10 years were enrolled in this study. The mean thyroid volume was 3.3 m L, the goiter rate was 3.0%, the median urinary iodine was 171.2 μg / L, and the household iodized salt rate was 90.6%. A total of 600 pregnant women were surveyed. The median urinary iodine was 131.6 μg / L. A total of 1 178 fifth-graders were investigated, with an average IQ of 105.7. Conclusions In 2014, iodine nutrition of children in Guangdong Province was at an appropriate level and the goiter rate was controlled at a low level. However, insufficient intake of iodine in pregnant women should be taken seriously.