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阑尾炎是儿童期最常见的急腹症,儿童病例约占各年龄人群病例的10%左右。由于解剖、病理生理及免疫系统的特点,小儿阑尾炎在诊断及治疗力面有别于成人病例。 1 小儿阑尾炎发病特点 6～10岁为发病高峰年龄,性别及季节无明显差异。小儿盲肠相对游离,异位阑尾炎发病率高。寄生虫引起的阑尾炎较成人多见。小儿阑尾壁薄,回盲部淋巴组织丰富,大网膜发育不良,腹腔表面积相对较大,因而容易发生穿孔。一旦穿孔腹腔炎症不易控删及局限,全身中毒症状较重,并发症发生率高,病死率明显高于成人。
Appendicitis is the most common childhood acute abdomen, children account for about 10% of all age groups. Due to anatomical, pathophysiological and immune system features, pediatric appendicitis differ from adult cases in diagnosis and treatment. 1 pediatric appendicitis incidence characteristics 6 to 10 years old for the incidence of peak age, gender and season no significant difference. Relatively free infantile cecum, the high incidence of ectopic appendicitis. Parasitic appendicitis more common than adults. Pediatric appendix wall thin, ileocecal lymphoid tissue rich, omental dysplasia, abdominal surface area is relatively large, so prone to perforation. Perforation of the peritoneal cavity once the inflammation is not easy to control deleted and limitations, systemic symptoms of severe, high incidence of complications, mortality was significantly higher than adults.