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苏联东欧国家与外国建立合资企业已有几十年历史。早在1921年苏联就开始与西方国家建立合资企业。到第二次世界大战爆发以前,仅投放到东欧国家(不包括南斯拉夫)独资、合资企业中的外国资本就达外国对欧总投资的1/5,其中波兰占33%、罗马尼亚30%、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐各占15%、保加利亚7%,甚至罗马尼亚本土的外国资本达到全国工业的85%,波兰本土的外国资本占采矿冶金业的52.1%、石油工业的87.5%,电子工业的66.1%、化工和保险业的59%。二战结束后,由于苏东国家普遍实行国有化并没收了部分外国资本,致使合资企业发展一度受阻。随着苏东国家推行改革开放政策,合资企业的发展才获得新的转机,80年代末已出现蓬勃发展的新形势。
It has been several decades since the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries established joint ventures with foreign countries. As early as 1921, the Soviet Union began to establish joint ventures with western countries. Until the outbreak of World War II, the foreign capital invested solely in joint ventures and joint ventures in Eastern European countries (excluding Yugoslavia) amounted to one fifth of the total foreign investment in Europe, of which Poland accounted for 33%, Romania 30%, Hungary 15% in Czechoslovakia and 7% in Bulgaria. Even the foreign capital in Romania reaches 85% of the national industry. The foreign capital in Poland accounts for 52.1% of the mining and metallurgy industry, 87.5% in the oil industry and 66.1 in the electronics industry %, Chemical and insurance 59%. After World War II, due to the widespread nationalization of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and the confiscation of some foreign capital, the development of joint ventures was once blocked. With the introduction of the policy of reform and opening up in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the development of joint ventures has gained new opportunities. In the late 1980s, a vigorous development has taken place.