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以早期汉译佛典为语料研究汉语语法史已相当普遍,但是因为汉译佛典是翻译语言,所以有学者对汉汉佛典的语料价值持慎重态度。本文以(1)完结动词“已”的特殊用法、(2)人称代词复数词尾的频繁出现、(3)疑问代词宾语的词序这三项语法现象为例,对早期汉译佛典是否反映当时实际汉语口语的问题进行探讨。另外,对五世纪以前成书的汉译佛典中的特殊语法现象,其是否与实际口语有关,本文作出了初步的检难标准。
It is quite common to study the history of Chinese grammar with the early Chinese translation of the Buddhist scriptures as a corpus. However, because the Chinese translation of the Buddhist scriptures is a translation language, some scholars hold a cautious attitude toward the Chinese-Han Buddhist scriptures. This article takes (1) the special usage of the ending verb “already ”, (2) the frequent appearance of the plural suffix of the personal pronoun, and (3) the three grammatical phenomena of the pronoun of the interrogative pronouns as examples The actual problems of oral Chinese were discussed. In addition, the special grammar phenomenon in the Chinese translation of the Buddhist scriptures written before the 5th century was not related to the actual spoken language.