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纳米孔测序是有可能实现“$1,000 Genome”目标的技术之一.近年来,研究较多的纳米孔有蛋白质纳米孔和硅基材料的固态纳米孔.蛋白孔寿命比较短,而基于硅基底的固态纳米孔深度显著超过单链DNA相邻碱基的间距,所以,无法实现DNA的单个碱基的分辨.作者用聚焦离子束先制造氮化硅基底,并在该基底上铺设石墨烯,再用聚焦电子束刻蚀石墨烯,获得直径10 nm以下的纳米孔,初步分析了DNA穿越纳米孔时产生的电信号及穿孔噪音,向单层石墨烯纳米孔测序DNA迈出了一步.
Nano-well sequencing is one of the technologies that may be able to achieve the goal of “$ 1,000 Genome.” In recent years, more nanopores have been investigated for nanoporous nanopores and solid-state nanopores of silicon-based materials.Protein pores have relatively short lifespans, The solid nanopore depth of the substrate significantly exceeds the distance between adjacent bases of the single-stranded DNA, so resolution of a single base of DNA can not be achieved. The author first fabricated a silicon nitride substrate by focused ion beam and graphene , And then the graphene was etched by the focused electron beam to obtain nano-holes with a diameter of 10 nm. The preliminary analysis of the electrical signals and perforation noise generated by the DNA passing through the nano-holes led to a step toward sequencing single-layer graphene nano-holes.