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目的:分析佛山地区妇女产后6周产后抑郁症发生现状。方法:采用爱丁堡抑郁量表(EPDS)对2010年12月～2011年11月在佛山市妇幼保健院妇女保健门诊作产后42天检查的3 947名产妇进行调查分析。结果:产后抑郁症的发生率为30.50%,产后抑郁症的发生在不同的年龄、文化程度之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产妇产后抑郁发生的危险因素依次是:低年龄(44.14%)、阴道助产(38.46%)、文化水平低(35.99%)、孕4次以上(33.44%)、3产次(33.33%)、无业人员(31.98%)、工薪阶层(31.17%)。产妇主要表现为自责(59.84%)、焦虑(51.16%)、应付能力差(33.72%)、恐惧(30.05%),有7.02%产妇有自伤意念。结论:妇女产后6周产后抑郁症发生率高,应加强妇女产褥期的护理干预,关注产褥期后产妇心理变化,给予积极的社会和家庭的支持,以减少产妇心理障碍的发生,促进产妇身心健康。
Objective: To analyze the status of postpartum depression in women in Foshan area 6 weeks postpartum. Methods: By using the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EPDS), 3 947 mothers who were inspected 42 days postpartum women’s health clinics in Foshan MCH from December 2010 to November 2011 were investigated. Results: The incidence of postpartum depression was 30.50%. Postpartum depression occurred at different ages with different degrees of education (P <0.05). The risk factors of postpartum depression were as follows: low age (44.14%), vaginal midwifery (38.46%), low cultural level (35.99%), pregnant more than 4 times (33.44% Unemployed (31.98%), working-class (31.17%). Maternal self-blame (59.84%), anxiety (51.16%), poor coping ability (33.72%), fear (30.05%), and 7.02% maternal self-harm ideas. Conclusion: The incidence of postpartum depression is high at 6 weeks postpartum. Nursing interventions should be strengthened during the postpartum period. Women should pay attention to the psychological changes of postpartum women and give positive support to the society and families in order to reduce the incidence of maternal psychological disorders and promote their physical and mental health.