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脂肪族和芳香族异氰酸酯类,已大量应用于制造泡沫塑料、工程塑料、合成橡胶、粘合剂等。国内应用的已有2·4二异氰酸甲苯酯(简称T·D·I)、4.4~1二苯基二异氰酸酯甲烷(M·D·I)、多亚基多苯基多异氰酸酯(P·A·P·I)及三苯甲烷一对一三异氰酸酯(JQ—I胶)等①。这类物质随着分子量增大,由无色液体变成深棕色胶体,蒸气压随着分子量增大而减低。在生产过程中如有这类物质逸出,均可危害工人的健康。国外Zapp(1957)②饭野房子(1963)③等先后报告了这一生产过程的劳动卫生问题。Elkine总结美国文献T·D·I中毒病例④。1973年山东省人民医院
Aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates, has been widely used in the manufacture of foam, engineering plastics, synthetic rubber, adhesives and so on. China has been the application of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (referred to as T · D · I), 4.4 ~ 1 diphenyl diisocyanate methane (M · D · I), poly-subunit polyphenyl polyisocyanate (P · A · P · I) and triphenylmethane one to one triisocyanate (JQ-I glue) and so on ①. Such substances with the molecular weight increases, from a colorless liquid into a dark brown gel, vapor pressure decreases with increasing molecular weight. Any escape of such substances during the production process can endanger the health of workers. Overseas Zapp (1957) ② Iino house (1963) ③ and so on have reported the production of labor and health issues. Elkine summarizes the case of T · D · I poisoning in the U.S. literature. Shandong Provincial People’s Hospital in 1973