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基于对泰国湾164个表层沉积物样品的粒度分析测试结果,使用Gao-Collins沉积物粒径趋势分析方法,研究了泰国湾底质沉积物的分布特征和输运趋势。研究区内的沉积物主要为粉砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂,分选差,分选系数变化范围为1.3~2.9,平均值为1.8,偏度变化范围为-1.8~2.5,平均值为1.2。根据沉积物粒度趋势特征,研究区分为1区、2区和3区3个区域,其中1区的平均分选系数和偏度分别为1.73、0.91;2区沉积物分选系数和偏度分别为1.81和1.33;3区沉积物分选系数和偏度分别为1.91和1.24。1区和2区河口附近广泛分布粉砂和泥等细粒级沉积物(平均粒径为6.5Ф);而1区与2区交界处和3区的近岸区域沉积物主要为粉砂质砂(平均粒径为5.5Ф)。研究区北部、中部和西南部近岸沉积物相比研究区其他地区,分选更差一些。泰国湾沉积物运移受河流、洋流和季风的共同影响,其中1区受控因素为泰国湾湾口的河流,运移方向为从河口向外;洋流是2区南部沉积物的主要运移动力,运移方向为从外围向湾中心;沿岸流是3区沉积物的主要运移动力,使3区沉积物的运移方向为离岸方向。在河流和洋流共同作用下,泰国湾沉积物有向苏梅岛附近运移的趋势。
Based on the results of particle size analysis of 164 surface sediment samples from the Gulf of Thailand, the sediment distribution characteristics and transport trends in the Gulf of Thailand were studied using the trend analysis method of particle size of Gao-Collins sediment. Sediments in the study area are mainly silt, sandy silt and silty sand, with poor sorting. The sorting coefficient ranged from 1.3 to 2.9 with an average of 1.8 and skewness ranged from -1.8 to 2.5. The average is 1.2. According to the trend of sediment grain size, the study area is divided into three zones of zone 1, zone 2 and zone 3, among which the average sorting coefficient and skewness of zone 1 are 1.73 and 0.91 respectively. The sediment sorting coefficient and skewness of zone 2 are respectively 1.81 and 1.33 respectively. The sorting coefficient and skewness of sediments in the three districts were 1.91 and 1.24, respectively. Fine-graded sediments such as silt and mud (average diameter 6.5)) were widely distributed near the estuary and zone 2 estuaries. The sediments in the nearshore area at the junction of Zone 1 and Zone 2 and Zone 3 are mainly silty sand with an average particle size of 5.5 Ф. Nearshore sediments in the northern, central and southwestern parts of the study area were worse than those in the rest of the study area. The sediment transport in the Gulf of Thailand is affected by the combined effects of rivers, currents and monsoons. The controlled factor in Zone 1 is the river flowing from the mouth of the Gulf of Thailand, and the migration direction is from the mouth of the river. The ocean current is the main driving force for the sediment transport in the southern part of Zone 2 , And the migration direction is from the periphery to the bay center. Coastal flow is the main driving force of the sediments in Zone 3, and the migration direction of the sediments in Zone 3 is offshore. Under the joint action of rivers and ocean currents, the sediments in the Gulf of Thailand tend to migrate to the vicinity of Koh Samui.