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一、树立历史学科素质教育的目的任务观 学科教学是基础教育实施素质教育的主渠道。而不同的学科又都有特定的科学知识体系和特点,素质教育应结合各科的知识体系和特点进行。所以,适应素质教育的要求,结合历史学科的特点我们在进行历史教学过程中,着手打破以学科知识为中心的体系,重新构建以人的发展为中心的体系,把落实和完成历史学科三大教学任务放到了首位。即:加强基础知识教学,以提高学生的文化素质;重视能力的培养,以提高学生的智能;重视德育,以提高学生的思想道德素质。 首先,科学的历史基础知识,不仅包括具体的历史史实,而且也包括了历史唯物主义的基本观点,同时也包含了丰富的思想政治教育内容。对学生能力的培养、思想教育的进行,都是在传授历史基础知识的过程中进行的,所以,传授基本的历史知识是完成中学历史教学任务的基础。 其次,历史课要进行能力培养。能力概括地说包括两大类:第一类是运用历史唯物主义的基本观点观察问题和分析问题的能力;第二类是指那些普遍性的能力,如:观察能力、阅读能力、记忆能力、想象能力和思维能力等。具体说有十方面的能力:(1)时间方面的能力;(2)空间方面的能力;(3)编制运用各种图表的能力;(4)运用历史文献及历史材料的能力;(5)评述历史现象和历史人物的?
First, establish the purpose of quality education history discipline Task concept Teaching is the implementation of basic education quality education of the main channel. And different disciplines have a specific system of scientific knowledge and characteristics, quality education should be combined with the knowledge system and characteristics of the subjects. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of quality-oriented education and combine the characteristics of historical subjects, we broke through the system centered on subject knowledge and reconstructed a system centered on human development in carrying out the history teaching process. We have implemented and completed the three major disciplines of history Teaching task into the first place. That is: to strengthen the teaching of basic knowledge in order to improve the cultural quality of students; emphasis on ability training to enhance students 'intelligence; emphasis on moral education to enhance students' ideological and moral qualities. First of all, the scientific basic knowledge of history includes not only specific historical facts, but also basic concepts of historical materialism as well as rich content of ideological and political education. The cultivation of students' abilities and the conduct of ideological education are all carried out in the process of imparting the basic knowledge of history. Therefore, imparting the basic historical knowledge is the basis for completing the task of teaching history in the middle school. Second, the history class to carry out capacity-building. Capabilities generally fall into two broad categories: the first is the ability to observe and analyze problems using the basic ideas of historical materialism; the second is those that are universal, such as observing, reading, memory, Imagination and thinking skills. Specifically, there are ten areas of capabilities: (1) time capabilities; (2) space capabilities; (3) capacity to formulate charts; (4) the ability to use historical documents and historical materials; (5) Comment on historical phenomena and historical figures?