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工商银行的非正常贷款是困扰银行经营和企业发展的一个难题,也是专业银行向商业银行转轨过程中的一大障碍。笔者根据市计调查的情况,试作一些分析,并提出解决这一问题的思路。据对我省工商银行的调查,非正常贷款占贷款总规模的45.6%。从行业上划分,国营工业的非正常贷款为45.5%,占国营工业贷款余额的51.1%;商业企业的非正常贷款占12.8%,占商业贷款余额的64.7%:集体工业占17%,占集体工业贷款余额的75.6%。从企业占用作正常贷款的形态看,主要是:‘三角债’占用占23.4%;企业亏损和亏空占用占35.67%;产品滞销积压占用占13.6%;投资项目未发挥效益,设备闲置占用占4.6%,非正常贷款的单位点多面广,占用量大,严重影响了银行信贷资金的正常营运。
The abnormal loan of ICBC is a difficult problem that beset the operation of banks and the development of enterprises. It is also a major obstacle to the transition of specialized banks to commercial banks. Based on the survey conducted by the municipal government, the author tries to make some analyzes and puts forward the idea of resolving this issue. According to a survey conducted by ICBC in our province, irregular loans accounted for 45.6% of the total loans. In terms of industry, non-normal loans of state-owned industries accounted for 45.5%, accounting for 51.1% of state-owned industrial loans; non-normal loans of commercial enterprises accounted for 12.8%, accounting for 64.7% of commercial loans: collective industry accounted for 17% 75.6% of industrial loan balance. In terms of the occupancy of normal loans by enterprises, the main ones are as follows: ’triangular debt’ accounts for 23.4%; corporate losses and deficits occupy 35.67%; products account for 13.6% of unmarketable backlog; investment projects do not bring benefits and equipment idle occupies 4.6% Non-normal loan units have a large area and occupy a large area, seriously affecting the normal operation of bank credit funds.