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一、前言爆破技术是随着有关机械的发展而进一步发展,未来的课题是爆破操作自动化,即爆破的一系列作业:钻孔、装药、起爆、排碴、围岩支护(钢支撑、锚杆、喷射混凝土)等整个作业循环都自动化,提高工效、节省人力,并取得安全的效果。特别是在隧道工程、采煤、采矿等地下坑道的作业现场,对爆破自动化的要求是很迫切的。自动化技术正被引入各个领域,有的已经进入实用阶段,有的则处于试验阶段。另外,随着对环境保护方面的要求,对爆破振动、噪音影响的研究也在推进。
I. Introduction Blasting technology is further developed with the development of related machinery. The future task is to automate blasting operations, ie blasting a series of operations: drilling, charging, detonation, ballast, surrounding rock support (steel support, Bolt, shotcrete) and so the entire operating cycle are automated to improve ergonomics, save manpower and achieve safety results. Especially in the tunnel construction, mining, mining and other underground tunnels at the job site, blasting automation requirements are very urgent. Automation technology is being introduced into various fields, some have entered the practical stage, while others are in the experimental stage. In addition, with the environmental protection requirements, the impact of blasting vibration and noise is also being promoted.