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肾盂肾炎是农村中常见的病。典型的急性肾盂肾炎有寒战、发热、头痛、恶心、尿频、尿急、尿痛等症状。少数患者可有肉限血尿或镜下血尿。轻者腰酸,重者腰痛。体检时肾区(或称脊肋区)有压痛、叩痛。慢性者只有腰酸、低热,膀胱刺激征不明显或没有。病程久者有虚弱、乏力、贫血及食欲减退。当慢性肾盂肾炎急性发作时,其症状与急性期相似。实验室检查:尿常规检查,每个高倍视野中白细胞超过5个以上。少数患者可出现红细胞。蛋白在(++)以下,但在急性感染之极期,尿蛋白可达(++～+++),感染经控制后,尿蛋白即迅速下降。若尿中出现白细胞管型,则有较大诊断意义。中段尿培养有细菌生长,其菌落必须超过
Pyelonephritis is a common disease in rural areas. A typical acute pyelonephritis chills, fever, headache, nausea, frequent urination, urgency, dysuria and other symptoms. A small number of patients may have limited blood or microscopic hematuria. Light backache, severe back pain. Physical examination when the kidney area (or ridge area) tenderness, percussion pain. Only those with chronic backache, fever, bladder irritation is not obvious or not. Duration of those who have weakness, fatigue, anemia and loss of appetite. When the acute episode of chronic pyelonephritis, its symptoms and acute phase similar. Laboratory tests: urine routine examination, each high power field more than 5 white blood cells. A small number of patients may appear red blood cells. The protein is below (++), but at the most acute stage of urinary proteinuria up to (++ ~ +++), the urinary protein rapidly declines after infection is controlled. If the urine appears white blood cell tube, there is a greater diagnostic significance. The middle of the urine culture with bacterial growth, the colonies must be exceeded