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阐述了地理信息系统 (GeographicInformationSystem ,简称GIS)技术的概念、方法、应用领域及其发展 ,GIS的信息组织形式、空间分析能力、图形化表现形式赋予了其强大的生命力和应用前景 ;目前的GIS系统能够有效处理二维问题 ,但是对于油藏管理这类特殊的三维问题还无法进行描述和分析 ,需要利用通用开发工具扩展GIS的功能 ;提出一个适合油田开发管理的GIS架构 :基于地质统计学方法的地质建模为核心、三维图形表示为手段、GIS工具为多层次信息集成平台 ,扩展目前GIS系统欠缺的三维空间描述能力。油藏本身是一种时空系统 ,通过油藏动态监测数据的分析和地质统计学方法的应用 ,实现油藏动态描述 ,才能使GIS技术的应用为油藏的生产管理与决策发挥巨大作用。
The concept, method, application field and its development of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology are expounded. The information organization form, spatial analysis ability and graphical representation form of GIS are endowed with strong vitality and application prospect. At present, GIS The system can effectively deal with two-dimensional problems, but it can not be described and analyzed for the special three-dimensional problems such as reservoir management. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the functions of GIS by using common development tools. A GIS architecture suitable for oilfield development and management is proposed based on geostatistics Method of geological modeling as the core, three-dimensional graphics as a means of GIS tools for multi-level information integration platform to extend the lack of current GIS three-dimensional spatial description capabilities. The reservoir itself is a kind of space-time system. Through the analysis of dynamic monitoring data of reservoir and the application of geostatistics, the dynamic description of reservoir can make the application of GIS technology play a great role in reservoir management and decision-making.