病毒是一大类要借助电子显微镜才能观察到的致病微生物,其体形比细菌小,但毒力比细菌大,由于寄生在活细胞内,其合成速度大大早于临床症状,容易出现耐药变异株等。人体一旦感染上,除了对症治疗外,目前尚无理想的化学药物和特效的治疗方法。使优生工作者最为担心的是,有不少病毒不但会给孕妇的健康带来危害,还会通过胎盘进入胚胎循环,引起胚胎感染等严重后果。一、风疹病毒是优生之大敌在众多病毒中,以风疹病毒对胎儿的危害最大。有人作过统计,怀孕8周内感染风疹病毒的孕妇,其胎儿60％呈多发畸形。这是因为病毒可使正处于分化、联合阶段的胚胎器官细胞停止分裂或者限制分化。孕期感染风疹病毒能造成胎儿任何器官畸形,主要为目盲(青光眼、白内障)、耳聋(耳蜗退 Viruses are a large group of pathogenic microorganisms that can be observed by means of electron microscopy. Their shape is smaller than that of bacteria but their virulence is larger than that of bacteria. Because of their parasitization in living cells, the rate of their synthesis is much earlier than that of clinical symptoms and is prone to drug resistance Mutants and so on. Once the body infected, in addition to symptomatic treatment, there is no ideal chemical and special effects treatment. The most worrying for eugenics workers is that many viruses will not only bring harm to the health of pregnant women, but also enter the embryo circulation through the placenta and cause serious consequences such as embryo infection. First, the rubella virus is the enemy of eugenics Among the many viruses, the most harmful to the fetus with rubella virus. Someone has made statistics, pregnant women infected with rubella virus within 8 weeks of pregnancy, the fetus 60% were multiple deformities. This is because the virus stops dividing or restricting differentiation of embryonic organ cells that are in the stage of differentiation and union. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause any organ abnormalities in the fetus, mainly blind (glaucoma, cataracts), deafness (cochlear retreat