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本研究采用粒细胞／巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM－CSF）共治疗28例恶性肿瘤化疗后出现的白细胞减少症，对其临床疗效及副作用进行了观察研究。观察结果显示：GM－CSF对28例的白细胞减少症均有显著疗效，用药后3～15天WBC恢复正常，其白细胞（WBC）恢复正常所需时间长短与病人出现的骨髓抑制程度有关，Ⅰ度骨髓抑制病人用药后3天即可使WBC恢复正常，而Ⅳ度骨髓抑制病人用药后则需10～15天可使WBC恢复正常。经GM－CSF治疗后，因WBC降低而伴有的精神差、乏力、失眠等症状得到明显缓解，而合并感染的机率明显降低（71％）。本文所采用GM－CSF（生白能）的副反应主要是一过性发热（37．5～38．8℃），发生率14．2％，未发现其它明显不良反应。
In this study, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to treat leukopenia in 28 malignant tumors after chemotherapy. The clinical efficacy and side effects were observed. Observations showed that GM-CSF had a significant effect on leukopenia in 28 cases. WBC returned to normal 3 to 15 days after administration. The length of time required for WBC to return to normal was related to the degree of bone marrow suppression seen in patients. I Patients with myelosuppression can return to normal WBC within 3 days of drug administration, and IV-myelosuppression patients need 10 to 15 days after administration to restore WBC to normal. After treatment with GM-CSF, the symptoms of mental retardation, fatigue, insomnia, etc. accompanied by decreased WBC were significantly relieved, and the chance of co-infection was significantly reduced (71%). The side effects of GM-CSF used in this article were mainly transient fever (37.5 to 38.8°C) with an incidence rate of 14.2%. No other significant adverse reactions were found.