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用生化分析方法,对鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨肌肉一般营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和微量元素的组成成分进行分析,并对其营养品质进行评价。结果表明:肌肉中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分的含量分别为:(75.45±0.64)%、(19.10±0.28)%、(3.70±0.71)%和(1.30±0.03)%。氨基酸组成分析表明,肌肉鲜样中含有18种氨基酸,氨基酸总量为(18.71±0.23)%,其中必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸总量分别为(7.61±0.11)%和(6.91±0.21)%,鲜味氨基酸中谷氨酸含量最高为(2.95±0.01)%;鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨的第一限制性氨基酸是色氨酸。必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值(WEAA/WTAA)为40.67%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(WEAA/WNEAA)为78.82%,氨基酸平衡效果较好。脂肪酸组成分析表明,其主要有3种饱和脂肪酸(SFA),4种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和8种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),其中PUFA含量最高为(45.17±1.51)%,PUMA中亚油酸含量最高,其次分别为DHA、花生四烯酸、EPA、α-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸、顺,顺-11,14-二十碳二烯酸和DPA。微量元素组成分析得出,碘含量最高,其次依次为锌、铁、铜、硒和锰。研究表明,鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨是一种营养丰富,肉味鲜美的经济鱼类,具有食用价值和保健作用。
The biochemical analysis method was used to analyze the nutritional components, amino acids, fatty acids and trace elements in the muscles of the lip-fish bones of the Yalu River, and the nutritional quality was evaluated. The results showed that the contents of water, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were (75.45 ± 0.64)%, (19.10 ± 0.28)%, (3.70 ± 0.71)% and (1.30 ± 0.03)%, respectively. Amino acid composition analysis showed that the fresh muscle samples contained 18 kinds of amino acids and the total amount of amino acids was (18.71 ± 0.23)%. The total amount of essential amino acids and umami amino acids were (7.61 ± 0.11)% and (6.91 ± 0.21)%, The highest content of glutamic acid in the fresh amino acids was (2.95 ± 0.01)%. The first limiting amino acid in the lip larch of the Yalu River was tryptophan. The ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids (WEAA / WTAA) was 40.67%, the ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids (WEAA / WNEAA) was 78.82%, and the amino acid balance was better. Fatty acid composition analysis showed that there are three kinds of saturated fatty acids (SFA), four kinds of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and eight kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), of which PUFA content was the highest (45.17 ± 1.51)%, PUMA Linoleic acid was the highest, followed by DHA, arachidonic acid, EPA, α-linolenic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, cis, cis -11,14-icosadienoic acid and DPA. Trace element composition analysis found that the highest iodine content, followed by zinc, iron, copper, selenium and manganese. Research shows that the Yalu River water lip fish bone is a nutrient-rich, meat tasty economic fish, with edible value and health effects.