Vulnerability of the hippocampus to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults is related to severity of injury and white matter atrophy. The objectives of this s tudy were to determine features of anthropometry and cerebral morphometry late a fter TBI in childhood and to assess whether hippocampal volume is related to sev erity of initial ictus and changes in white matter at follow-up. Thirty-three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging 4.9 y after severe TBI that necess itated intensive care; 23 had mechanical ventilation and intracranial pressure m onitoring longer than 3 d. Magnetic resonance imaging analyses included volume o f brain, hemisphere, ventricles, and hippocampal and perihippocampal regions; sp atial distribution of voxel-based morphometry differences in white matter; and eigenvalues of diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. Patients with longer intens ive care ictus had smaller-than-expected occipitofrontal head circumference. E ight of these, identified by voxel-based morphometry,had periventricular white matter loss and smaller-than-expected brain volume for OFC, suggesting “atrop hy”; the remainder had expected volume for a smaller OFC, suggesting “growth d isturbance.”Ninety-three percent of the variation in right hippocampal volume was accounted for by factors related to severity of injury and white matter atro phy. It is concluded that anthropometry and cerebral morphometric measurements l ate after severe TBI in childhood provides useful outcome data and indicate that , despite adequate growth in stature, effects of TBI on brain growth and hippoca mpal volume may extend into adulthood. Vulnerability of the hippocampus to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults is related to severity of injury and white matter atrophy. The objectives of this s tudy were to determine features of anthropometry and cerebral morphometry late a fter TBI in childhood and to assess whether hippocampal volume is related to sev erity of initial ictus and changes in white matter at follow-up. Thirty-three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging 4.9 y after severe TBI that necess itated intensive care; 23 had mechanical ventilation and intracranial pressure m onitoring longer than 3 d. Magnetic resonance imaging analyzes volume in brain, hemisphere, ventricles, and hippocampal and perihippocampal regions; sp atial distribution of voxel-based morphometry differences in white matter; and eigenvalues ​​of diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. Patients with longer intens ive care ictus had smaller-than-expected occipitofrontal head circumference. E ight of these, identified by voxel-bas ed morphometry, had periventricular white matter loss and smaller-than-expected brain volume for OFC, suggesting “atrop hy”; the remainder had expected volume for a smaller OFC, suggesting “growth d is turbulence.” Ninety-three percent of the variation in right hippocampal volume was accounted for by factors related to severity of injury and white matter atro phy. It is ever that that anthropometry and cerebral morphometric measurements l ate after severe TBI in childhood may have outcome data and indicate that, despite adequate growth in stature, effects of TBI on brain growth and hippoca mpal volume may extend into adulthood.