一对亲本及其杂种后代平均值是多种基因效应综合作用的结果。一些学者对不同世代群体平均值的遗传构成提出了不同的模式。本文对世代平均值的三个主要遗传模式加以分析、比较。从而看出:Mather和Jinks模式较为简捷明嘹;Gardner模式注意参数正交性,估值较为稳定。数值实例表明,在四参数模式及其以前阶段,三种遗传模式所得估值相似,但Hayman模式的m估值有较大的差异。 The average of a pair of parents and their offspring is the result of a combination of multiple gene effects. Some scholars have proposed different models of the genetic makeup of the average of different generations. This article analyzes and compares the three major genetic patterns of generational means. Thus we can see: Mather and Jinks model is relatively simple and clear; Gardner model pay attention to the parameter orthogonality, the valuation is more stable. Numerical examples show that in the four-parameter model and its previous stages, the estimates obtained by the three genetic models are similar, but there is a big difference in the m estimates of Hayman’s model.