伟大领袖毛主席指出:“在中华民族的开化史上,有素称发达的农业和手工业,有许多伟大的思想家、科学家、发明家、政治家、军事家、文学家和艺术家,有丰富的文化典籍。”公元五世纪南北朝时期宋、齐之际的祖冲之,就是其中一位具有法家思想倾向的大科学家。反映他对天文历法真知灼见的《历议》,集中表现了他力图“革新变旧”、反对“信古而疑今”的战斗精神。考察祖冲之及其《历议》的革新精神,对于今天我们从事科学技术工作,有着一定的借鉴作用。祖冲之(公元429—500年)祖籍河北,后迁江南。当时农民起义的铁拳,有力地打击了世族豪强势力,推动了社会生产力的发展。长江流域的经济逐步上升,人口不断增加,纺织、冶炼、造纸、制瓷和造船等技术显著提高,尤其是黄河流域的劳动人民因受战乱影响而纷纷南迁,带来了中原地区比较先进的生产工具和耕作技术,对长江流域农业生产的发展是一大促进。祖冲之顺应社会发展的 The great leader Chairman Mao pointed out: “There are many great thinkers, scientists, inventors, politicians, military strategists, writers and artists in the well-known history of the Chinese nation in the well-developed agriculture and handicrafts. ”In the fifth and fifth centuries, Southern and Northern Dynasties Song Dynasty, the occasion of Zu Chongzhi, is one of the big scientists who have the tendency of legalism. His “Calendar”, which reflects his insightful knowledge of the astronomical calendar, shows his intention to “reform and change the old” and oppose the fighting spirit of “believing in ancient times and doubting today”. The examination of Zuchongzhi and its innovative spirit of “calendar” has a certain reference for today’s work in science and technology. Zu Chongzhi (AD 429-500) native of Hebei, later moved to the south. At that time, the iron fist of the peasant uprising effectively cracked down on the powerful forces of the worldly family and promoted the development of social productive forces. The economy in the Yangtze River basin has been gradually rising and the population has been on the rise. The technologies of textile, metallurgy, paper making, porcelain making and shipbuilding have been significantly improved. In particular, the working people in the Yellow River basin have moved southward due to the war, bringing about a relatively advanced Production tools and farming techniques have greatly contributed to the development of agricultural production in the Yangtze River Basin. Zu Chongzhi conform to the social development