地理思维即理性认识,它是人脑对客观事物本质和事物内在的规律性关系的概括与间接的反映,它建立在感性认识的基础上的一种抽象思维。在初中地理的课程内容中,蕴涵着丰富的地理思维过程和思维能力培养的教育价值。然而初中生受地域活动范围和生活经验的限制,对宏观复杂的地理环境及构成要素的感知,往往是局部的、零碎的、表面的。关于地理事物的空间位置、分布、相互作用和影响等地理表象的认识非常匮乏,甚至是错误 Geographical thinking is rational cognition. It is a general and indirect reflection of the inherent regular relation between the essence of objective things and the things. It is an abstract thinking based on perceptual knowledge. In junior high school geography curriculum content, contains a rich geographical thinking process and thinking ability training of the educational value. However, junior high school students are limited by the scope of their geographical activities and life experiences. Their perceptions of macro-complex geographical environment and their components are often partial, fragmented and superficial. There is a paucity of knowledge about the geographical representation of geographical things, such as spatial location, distribution, interaction and influence, and even errors