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一、引言菲律宾是常受灾害尤其是自然灾害袭击的国家之一。它处于环太平洋火灾和台风带的突出位置上,因此,几乎所有的公众均面临着各种灾害现象的影响。统计表明每年约有二十次台风进入菲律宾响应区,其中有九次气候扰动影响菲律宾群岛,使各地遭受巨大的损失。在低洼地区所造成的洪水要导致额外的损失,增加了灾民的痛苦。分布在全国的活跃地质断层带使菲律宾遭受不同程度的地震。十三个活跃火山目前正威胁着广大人民。
I. Introduction The Philippines is one of the countries often hit by disasters, especially natural disasters. It is in a prominent position in the Pacific Rim fires and the typhoon belt and, as a result, almost all of the public are exposed to various disasters. Statistics show that about twenty typhoons enter the Philippine response area each year. Nine of the climate disturbances affect the Philippine Islands, causing huge losses across the country. Floods in low-lying areas lead to additional losses and increase the suffering of the victims. The active geological fault zone distributed across the country has caused the Philippines varying degrees of earthquakes. Thirteen active volcanoes are now threatening the general public.