what facts that are influence on media policy and how to shape media in the national and internation

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  Business dictionary (n.d.) provides information,which “media” can be defined in communication channels through education,entertainment,promotional message or data are disseminated.“Media” also including narrowcasting medium and broadcasting,like,television,radio,newspaper,magazines also Internet.In addition,“media” is a popular way for people to get everyday news.For instance “media” can be a role to produce political ideas,like social action group can shape the public policy priorities and agenda through media.“Media” also can be a way to supervise,such as social institution or public officials need to provide report or interview with media.According these two examples,“media” can be a direct political actor.
  “Media” has own policy.The idea is “media” has strong persuasiveness and power in today’s society.Also media not only generates values for commercial,it get power to influence in the social significance,culture and economic,like broadcasting media influence in the people’s attitudes and beliefs to society.(McChesney,1998)
  On the other hand,in the different countries,the media policy is different.Therefore,in the different countries have unique media environment.Ostgaard (1965) emphasized that,when media produce a news need to consider newsworthy and what information can attract audiences’ attention.Also media has been managed by government.So when media provides news would control by local government,it’s because every government has own policy in the censorship.This essay would discuss the media censorship environment between China and Cuba.
  China
  China is a largest country in the Asia.In China,government implements authoritarian policies in media for a long time.This behavior is going to prevent any challenges to the Chinese political authority,such as,in China,Chinese government use monitoring system to control media.If any types of media provide news which influence government public image in people’s mind,and transfer some news which sensitive to Chinese political issue,then government will block it.For example,in China,people cannot get into some western websites,like “YouTube”,“Facebook” and “Twitter”.The same reason for Chinese government blocked is,these website provide many news which are sensitive to the Chinese political issue.(Bennett,2011)
  The aspect in official media policy in China,with Chinese society become global,the government trying to get more information to balance the maintaining power and controlling news content.(Bennett,2011).According to Elizabeth (2011) emphasized that,Chinese government would like to block the news which are sensitive to the political issue is,the government worried about if “media” goes to freedom,it could be a way to make the regime’s downfall.   In addition,in the China’s constitution said,the Chinese citizens have totally freedom to press and speech.However,in the Chinese law point out,any form of media cannot provide any news and language to sharing national secrets or sensitive topics in political issue.It is really difficult to define in the national secrets and sensitive topics.As result,government could be used to censor any information which they think is harmful to the political.
  Cuba
  Cuba is one of the island countries in the Caribbean.The Castro government maintains a monopoly on any forms of media through nations.“Media” in Cuba never has freedom to report news.The government maintains a policy of constant repression for any forms of media.(Jamaica,2012) According to Norvell (2004) “media” in Cuba are belong to the local government.The foreign media cannot invest in Cuban’s media,and Cuba government does not allow foreign film,television show and radio play in Cuba.Along with the ownership control,also one of the media rule is:the journalists from Cuba cannot work with non-Cuba journalists.
  For example,in today’s society,“Internet” would be a useful tool for people to get news around world.However,in the Cuba,there only have 2 percent people online.The idea is government bans private Internet connection,because government thinks this behavior can protect state security.(Sanyamarit,2010)
  The famous case for repression in Cuba,which is Yoani Maria Sanchez Cordero created a blog.This blog is discuss about the free expression,in the blog is major talk about critical portrayal of Yoani’s life in Cuba.In addition,Yoani use critical theory to talk about the government repressive cultural policies.The reason is Yoani has different views in freedom speech with local government.Moreover,because of Yoani has different opinion with local government,according to the local law,Yoani’s behavior can be decided in crime of treason.Then,government blocked Yoani’s blog website in Cuba.(Sanyamarit,2010)
  In conclusion,even media is important way for people to get everyday news around world.However,based on different countries have different media environment and policy,people might get information everyday or credibility news.The essay has been discussed the media censorship environment between China and Cuba.As the result,China and Cuba both are developing countries,and there have similar policies in the “media”,which are both countries are government implement authoritarian policy in media.   References:
  [1]Bennett,I (2011) Media Censorship in China,http://www.cfr.org/.accessed 6th Spetember,2012,http://www.cfr.org/china/media-censorship-china/p11515.
  [2]Business Dictionary (n.d.) Media,http://www.businessdictionary.com/,accessed 5th September,2014,http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/media.html.
  [3]Jamaica (2012) Cuba press,Media,TV,Radio,Newspaper,http://www.pressreference.com/,accessed 7th September 2014,http://www.pressreference.com/Co-Fa/Cuba.html.
  [4]McChesney,Robert W,1998,The political economy of global media,Media Development 4/1998.
  [5]Norvell,D,G.(2004) From Propaganda to PR:A Guide to Cuba’s mass media,http://havanajournal.com/ accessed 7th September,2014,http://havanajournal.com/culture/entry/from_propaganda_to_pr_a_guide_to_cuba_mass_media/.
  [6]Ostgaard,Elinar,1965,‘Factors influencing the flow of news,’ Journal of Peace Research,2(9):pp.39-63.
  [7]Sanyamarit,G.(2010) Internet Censorship Around World Part 3 Cuba,http://www.plusultratech.com/,accessed 7th September 2014,http://www.plusultratech.com/2010/11/internet-censorship-around-world-part-3.html.
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