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目的:探讨经二代测序确诊的7例CDKL5基因相关早发性癫痫性脑病患儿的临床特征及基因突变特点。方法:回顾性分析2018年2月至2019年12月郑州大学附属儿童医院神经内科以癫痫起病的早发性癫痫性脑病患儿的临床资料，采用二代测序方法对先证者全外显子基因组测序，筛选出7例CDKL5基因突变阳性患儿，并对家系成员进行一代Sanger验证明确来源，对其基因突变特点进行分析。结果:7例确诊为CDKL5基因相关早发性癫痫性脑病的患儿中，男女比例为2∶5，起病年龄为出生15 d至5个月；临床表型中均有不同程度的发育落后、反复癫痫发作，表现为全面性发作、肌阵挛发作、痉挛发作或局灶性发作；应用抗癫痫药物控制发作较差，部分应用生酮饮食有效。CDKL5基因突变位点均为新生突变，分别为NM_003159：c.772_776del（p.K258Efsn *10）移码突变、NM_003159.2 （外显子：9~15）杂合缺失、CDKL5半合子缺失、NM_003159：c.268（外显子5）G>T（p.E90n *，941）和NM_003159：c.2578C>T（p.Q860n *，171）无义突变、NM_003159：c.211A>G（p.Asn71Asp）和NM_001323289：c.545T>C（p.L182P）错义突变。其中c.772_776del（p.K258Efsn *10）、c.268（外显子5）G>T、c.2578C>T（p.Q860n *， 171）尚未见报道。n 结论:CDKL5基因相关早发性癫痫性脑病是一种起病较早的癫痫综合征，多见于女性，癫痫发作形式不一，脑电图特征早期呈严重异常脑部放电，病情进展呈多种形式演变，头颅磁共振成像无特异性改变。不同基因突变位点可能有不同表型及预后差异，多种抗癫痫治疗效果差，部分对生酮饮食有效。“,”Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and gene mutation of seven cases of CDKL5 gene related early-onset epileptic encephalopathy diagnosed by next-generation sequencing.Methods:The clinical data of children with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy from February 2018 to December 2019 in the Department of Neurology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. The whole exome sequencing method was used to analyze the entire exome of the proband, and seven cases of CDKL5 gene mutation positive were screened out, and Sanger sequencing verification on family members was performed to identify the source and the characteristics of gene mutations were analyzed.Results:Among the seven children diagnosed with CDKL5 gene related early-onset epileptic encephalopathy, the ratio of male to female was 2∶5, and the age of onset was 15 days to five months of birth. The clinical phenotypes all included different degrees of developmental delay and repeated seizures, which were manifested as general seizures, myoclonic seizures, convulsive seizures or focal seizures; the outcome of use of antiepileptic drugs to control seizures was poor, and some applications of ketogenic diet had better effects. CDKL5 gene mutation sites were all denovo mutations, including NM_003159: c.772_776del (p.K258Efsn *10) frameshift mutation, NM_003159.2 (exon: 9-15) heterozygous deletion, CDKL5 hemizygous deletion, NM_003159: c.268 (exon5) G>T (p.E90n *, 941) and NM_003159: c.2578C>T (p.Q860n *, 171) nonsense mutation, NM_003159: c.211A>G (p.Asn71Asp) and NM_001323289: c.545T>C (p.L182P) missense mutation. Among them, c.772_776del (p.K258Efsn *10), c.268 (exon5)G>T and c.2578C>T (p.Q860n *, 171) have not been reported.n Conclusions:CDKL5 gene related early-onset epileptic encephalopathy is an early onset epilepsy, which is more common in women, and has different forms of seizures. The early electroencephalogram is characterized as severe abnormal brain discharge, and the disease progresses in various forms. There are no specific changes in head magnetic resonance imaging. Different gene mutation sites may lead to different phenotypes and prognostic differences. Many anti-epileptic treatments are ineffective, and ketogenic diets are effective for some patients.