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利用磁珠富集法克隆制备的24个大口鲇(Silurus meriaionalis Chen)微卫星标记,对黑龙江野生群体与松花江养殖群体2个东北大口鲇(S．soldatovi)的地理种群的等位基因频率(P)、观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)和有效等位基因数(Ne)等进行了遗传检测,以遗传偏离指数(d)检验Hardy-Weinberg平衡,并以Nei氏遗传分化系数(GST)和AMOVA分析(φST)群体遗传变异的来源。同时,使用PHYLIP3．63软件绘制基于Nei氏遗传距离的个体间UPGMA系统树。结果表明:24个微卫星标记在东北大口鲇的2个群体中共扩增出1357条多态性片段,片段长度为102-385 bp,总体平均等位基因8．875个,可以用于东北大口鲇遗传多样性的评估。并发现8个可区分这2个种群的遗传标记;黑龙江群体的P、Ho、He、PIC和Ne依次为0．165、0．435、0．758、0．742和5．019,松花江群体为0．147、0．299、0．847、0．764和5．944,在这些多样性参数上,方差分析也显示2地理种群差异不显著,在大多数位点并无显著差异,仅HLJcf37位点具有显著差异;在多个位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,2群体呈现不同程度的杂合体过度,纯合体完全缺失现象,其原因有待证实;群体遗传变异分析证实2群体间遗传分化较弱,其98％以上的变异是由群体内个体间的遗传变异引起的,群体间的变异对总变异影响不显著。UPGMA系统树也显示出个体间遗传距离小,亲缘关系很近。结果表明,人工繁殖没有对东北大口鲇的遗传多样性产生影响,该种群遗传分化小,种质资源状况良好。
Microsatellite DNA markers of 24 Silurus meriaionalis Chen prepared by magnetic bead enrichment method were used to analyze the allele frequencies of the geographic populations of two S. sodicatovi populations in Heilongjiang and Songhuajiang aquaculture populations (He), polymorphism information content (PIC) and number of effective alleles (Ne) were detected by genetic analysis, Hardy-Weinberg The sources of population genetic variation were analyzed by Nei’s genetic differentiation coefficient (GST) and AMOVA (φST). At the same time, phylogeny UPGMA phylogenetic trees based on Nei’s genetic distance were mapped using PHYLIP3.63 software. The results showed that a total of 1357 polymorphic fragments were amplified from 24 microsatellite markers in two populations of N. maculata, with a length of 102-385 bp and an overall average of 8.875 alleles, which could be used in the northeast big mouth鲇 Assessment of genetic diversity. And found 8 genetic markers that could distinguish the two populations; P, Ho, He, PIC and Ne of Heilongjiang were 0.165, 0.435, 0.758, 0.742 and 5.019 respectively, The population was 0.147,0.299,0.847,0.764 and 5.944. On these diversity parameters, ANOVA also showed that there was no significant difference between the two geographical populations, and there was no significant difference in most loci, Only HLJcf37 loci have significant differences; at a number of loci deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, two groups showed varying degrees of heterozygosity, complete loss of homozygotes, the reason to be confirmed; population genetic variation analysis confirmed that genetic differentiation between two groups Weak, more than 98% of the variation is caused by the genetic variation among individuals in the population, and the variation among the groups has no significant effect on the total variation. The UPGMA phylogenetic tree also shows that individuals have small genetic distances and are closely related. The results showed that artificial propagation had no effect on the genetic diversity of Pinctada inhabits in Northeast China. The genetic differentiation of the population was small and germplasm resources were in good condition.