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目的观察甲型H1N1流感患者病毒核酸阴转时限。方法选择2009年9月16～27日我院收治的甲型H1N1流感确诊病例38例,经同一名医生进行咽拭子采集,采用RT-PCR方法检测甲型通用、甲1通用、季节性流感、甲型H1N1亚型4个病毒亚型,以甲型通用、甲1通用、甲型H1N1亚型均阴转作为判定病毒核酸阴转的标准。结果 38例甲型H1N1流感患者病毒核酸阴转的时限最短1 d,最长14 d,平均4.5 d;病毒核酸阴转时间主要集中在第3、4、5天,第5天与第4天相比,甲型通用、甲1通用和甲型H1N1的阴转比例均明显增加(P<0.05);发病36 h内接受抗病毒治疗者,病毒核酸阴转平均时间为4.1 d;37～72 h接受抗病毒治疗者,病毒核酸阴转平均时间为5.2 d;有3例甲型通用、甲1通用、甲型H1N1亚型病毒核酸未同时阴转。结论甲型H1N1流感抗病毒治疗1周,大部分患者病毒核酸阴转,不具有传染性;尽早(36 h内)接受抗病毒治疗,可以缩短病毒核酸阴转时间;甲型通用、甲1通用、甲型H1N1亚型具有较好的一致性,对三者未同时阴转的情况,应注意是否同时合并其他甲型流感病毒亚型感染。
Objective To observe the virus nucleic acid negative transition time limit in patients with influenza A (H1N1). Methods Thirty-eight confirmed cases of influenza A (H1N1) in our hospital from September 16 to September 27, 2009 were collected. Throat swabs were collected by the same doctor. RT-PCR was used to detect influenza A , A H1N1 subtype 4 virus subtypes to A generic, A 1 generic, A H1N1 subtype are negative to determine the standard virus nucleic acid negative conversion. Results The duration of the virus nucleic acid negative conversion in 38 cases of type A H1N1 influenza patients was the shortest one day, the longest being 14 days, with an average of 4.5 days. The virus nucleic acid negative conversion time mainly concentrated on days 3, 4, 5, 5 and 4 (P <0.05). For those who received antiviral therapy within 36 hours of onset, the average time for negative conversion of virus nucleic acid was 4.1 days; 37 to 72 h received antiviral therapy, the average time for virus nucleic acid to reverse was 5.2 d; there are 3 cases of A generic, A 1 generic, A subtype H1N1 virus nucleic acid is not negative at the same time. Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) virus antiviral treatment for 1 week, most patients with viral nucleic acid negative, non-contagious; as soon as possible (within 36 h) of antiviral therapy, can shorten the viral nucleic acid time of negative conversion; A common, A common , A H1N1 subtype has a good consistency, the three were not the same time, the situation should be noted whether other subtypes of influenza A virus infection.