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目的了解社区医生对抗生素的临床用药知、信、行及其关联因素,为开展基层医务人员合理使用抗生素的健康教育提供依据。方法在甘肃省6个区(县)社区卫生服务中心/乡镇卫生院,随机分层抽取临床医生,通过匿名自填问卷调查收集资料。运用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库,录入、核查资料,并运用SAS 9.1软件进行统计分析。结果共发放调查问卷510份,收回有效问卷506份,有效率99.22%。20.55%(104/506)~38.34%(194/506)的社区医生对抗生素知识、态度及行为处于相对中、低水平[以得分P25(Q1)与P75(Q3)为界分高、中、低三水平]社区医生对知识得分的百分位数分布为:75.00分(Q1)、81.25分(Q2)、87.50分(Q3);态度得分的百分位数分布为:72.00分(Q1)、80.00分(Q2)、84.00分(Q3);行为得分的百分位数分布为:70.00分(Q1)、76.00分(Q2)、80.00分(Q3)。年龄、性别、学历、职称与抗生素知识无关联,知识与行为关联紧密,态度与行为之间关联关系不明显。城市社区医生抗生素合理应用知识水平、行为水平均较高。结论临床合理使用抗生素应该引起社区医生的高度重视;进一步的健康干预要着重强调提高农村地区社区医生合理使用抗生素的知识水平,从而促进基层临床抗生素合理用药行为的改善。
Objective To understand the community doctors on antibiotics clinical knowledge, letters, lines and their related factors, to carry out grassroots medical personnel rational use of antibiotics to provide health education. Methods Six district (county) community health service center / township hospitals in Gansu Province were randomized to take clinicians and the data were collected by anonymous self-check questionnaire. EpiData 3.1 software was used to establish a database, input and verification information, and use SAS 9.1 software for statistical analysis. Results A total of 510 questionnaires were distributed and 506 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective rate of 99.22%. Community physicians at 20.55% (104/506) to 38.34% (194/506) had relatively medium and low levels of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward antibiotics [high and middle scores with scores of P25 (Q1) and P75 (Q3) Low three]. The percentiles of community doctors for knowledge scores were 75.00 (Q1), 81.25 (Q2) and 87.50 (Q3). The percentile distribution of attitude scores was 72.00 (Q1) , 80.00 points (Q2) and 84.00 points (Q3). The percentile distribution of behavioral scores was 70.00 points (Q1), 76.00 points (Q2) and 80.00 points (Q3). Age, sex, education, job title and antibiotic knowledge are not related, knowledge and behavior are closely related, and the relationship between attitude and behavior is not obvious. Urban community doctors antibiotics rational use of knowledge, behavior levels are higher. Conclusions The clinical rational use of antibiotics should attract the attention of community doctors. Further health interventions should emphasize the improvement of the knowledge level of rational use of antibiotics by community doctors in rural areas so as to promote the rational use of antibiotics.