《帕西法尔》是瓦格纳最后一部歌剧,同时也是一部倍受学者以及瓦格纳主义者们争议的作品,甚至正是这部作品直接导致了瓦格纳与尼采的最终决裂。歌德曾经向尼采提出一个问题:“威胁着一切浪漫主义者的危险——浪漫主义者的厄运是什么?”①尼采的回答是:“因为反复咀嚼道德悖理和宗教悖理而窒息。简而言之是《帕西法尔》。”当然有反对就有支持,李斯特在《帕西法尔》的演出结束后 Parsifal, the last of Wagner’s operas, was also a controversial piece of work controversial to scholars and Wagner even as it led directly to the final divisions between Wagner and Nietzsche. Goethe asked Nietzsche a question: “The danger of threatening all romanticists - what is a romantic misfortune?” ① Nietzsche replied: “Suffocating because of repeated moral and religious misconduct.” Jane In terms of “Parsifal.” “Of course there is opposition there is support, Liszt’s” Parsifal "after the show is over